This Story Cloth depicts an abridged history of the Hmong people covering centuries. It starts with their departure from the Southern Great Wall of China, their journey across the Red and Green Rivers to settle into their new daily life in Laos, the Secret War, their escape from the oppressive conditions in Laos, their crossing of the Mekong River, and ends with their arrival at the Ban Vinai Refugee Camp in Thailand.

Ban Vinai Refugee Camp

At its peak in 1986, Ban Vinai housed 42,000 Hmong refugees in a two-square-mile area. Life was challenging; families often shared tiny bamboo huts of about ten square feet. Many had depleted their resources to escape Laos, leaving them with little for survival at the camp.

Each morning, women and children lined up for water rations. Although rows of tin-roofed houses were constructed and international aid provided supplies, many families still struggled to grow their own food. Children attended makeshift schools organized by aid workers, or classes offered by former teachers for a small fee. English and French classes appealed to families looking to resettle in the United States or in France.

Overcrowding led to poor sanitation and disease outbreaks, including tuberculosis and pneumonia, making death a constant reality. Despite these challenges, the Hmong community in Ban Vinai remained resilient, organizing into nine sections with their own leaders. Traditional roles were upheld, and vibrant New Year celebrations helped preserve Hmong heritage amidst hardship.

Stitched and embroidered by an unknown Hmong artist.

Collection of the La Crosse County Historical Society, gift of Patricia Schmid, 2012.012.01.